Penney collaborates with the Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, UK. T. Penney serves as PI and co-PI in funded projects on systems thinking in global health research from Canadian Institutes of Health Research, National Institute for Health and Care (UK) and the World Health Organization. T. Penney has widely published and collaborated in systems approaches, including at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and University of Cambridge, UK. T. Penney is a co-applicant, contributing as an expert in global health (WP2,3).